Personalizing esketamine treatment in TRD and TRBD: the role of mentalization, cognitive rigidity, psychache, and suicidality
These findings highlight the importance of a personalized treatment approach in treatment- resistant depressive episode patients. Esketamine may be particularly beneficial in reducing cognitive rigidity, improving mentalization, and breaking the cognitive inflexibility that contributes to sustained negative depressive thinking patterns. Further research is needed to refine patient stratification and optimize treatment strategies for individuals with treatment-resistant depressive episode patients.
Authors
- Fabiola Raffone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1818-4237)
- Vassilis Martiadis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-1000)
- Tiziano Prodi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8528-0480)
- Nicolaja Girone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-2096)
- Roberta Anniverno
- Monica Macellaro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5522-5897)
- A. Guffanti
- N. Brondino
- B. Tarantino
- F. Mazzoni
- Miriam Olivola
- Matteo Marcatili
- Giovanni Martinotti
- Bernardo Dell’Osso
Institutions
- University of Milan (IT)
- University of Pavia (IT)
- University of Chieti-Pescara (IT)
- Luigi Sacco Hospital (IT)
- ASL Roma (IT)
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana (IT)
- Pharmaceutical Formulations (United States) (US)
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IT)
- ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco (IT)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 3 (IT)
- University of Milano-Bicocca (IT)
- Stanford University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Published
- 2026-01-22
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1736114
- Primary Topic
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00