Promoting Elderly Rights and Combating Discrimination: An Examination of the Legal Framework for Sustainable Reforms in Nigeria

The growing population of elderly individuals in Nigeria presents a critical challenge for human rights advocacy and legal protection. With approximately 4.5% of the population over 60 as of 2015, and projections indicating this figure will rise to 6.3% by 2050, the protection of elders' rights has become a pressing issue. However, despite the uniqueness of elders, Nigeria still lacks adequate and comprehensive legislation for the protection and promotion of human rights. There is a large population of elders whose rights are not protected due to inadequate legislative structure. This study explores the human rights entitlements of elderly Nigerians, such as the right to life, health, dignity, social security, and protection from abuse. It critically analyzes the existing legal provisions, including the Nigerian Constitution and relevant international human rights instruments, to assess their efficacy in addressing the needs of elderly citizens. The study identifies challenges in enforcement, the lack of comprehensive laws, and socio-economic factors contributing to neglect and abuse of elders and their rights. Finally, the study proposes recommendations for strengthening legal protections and creating a more inclusive and supportive environment for the elderly in Nigeria. This includes adopting international human rights standards and the development of robust policies to ensure the dignity and well-being of older Nigerians. It is on this note that this study suggests that an appropriate and supportive legislative framework based on internationally accepted human rights standards is required to ensure the highest quality of respect, protection, and fulfillment of the rights of elders in Nigeria