Everyday Clothing Reimagined as Rapid-Acting Hemostatic and Antimicrobial Dressings for Emergency Trauma Care

Uncontrolled hemorrhage and wound infection are leading causes of preventable death in prehospital trauma care. Everyday garments, often used as improvised bandages, provide only passive compression without intrinsic bioactivity. Here, we report a low-cost cotton fabric engineered to split into bandages with rapid hemostatic and antibacterial functions. Citric-acid treatment introduces abundant carboxyl groups onto cotton fibers, enabling dense in situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) loaded with tranexamic acid (TA). A predesigned tear zone balances high tensile strength (>681.39 N) for daily wear with low tear force (<6.75 N) for instant bandage formation. Upon exposure to wound-like exudate, the hybrid coating undergoes phosphate-protein cotriggered degradation, releasing Zn²⁺ and TA: Zn²⁺ disrupts bacterial membranes and catalyzes ROS generation, while TA stabilizes fibrin networks and inhibits fibrinolysis. This synergy achieves >99% suppression of <i>Escherichia. coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, a blood clotting index of 24.6%, a coagulation time of 230 s, and a 37.9% reduction in blood loss in a rat tail-amputation model compared with controls. By integrating green chemistry, MOF-enabled bioactivity, and mechanically encoded tearing, this work converts everyday clothing into ready-to-use, life-saving textiles for fast antibacterial protection and rapid hemostasis in prehospital emergencies.