Fractional <scp>MHD</scp> flow of Jeffrey nanofluids with nonlinear thermal radiation and activation energy

Abstract Nanofluids with enhanced thermal properties are critical for applications involving intense radiation in industrial and biomedical fields. This study models the mixed convection flow of human blood‐based nanofluids containing single‐walled (SWCNTs) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) along a vertical surface using a fractional‐order approach with the constant proportional Caputo (CPC) operator. Semi‐analytical solutions for temperature, velocity, and concentration are obtained via Laplace transforms, with inversion computed using Stehfest and Tzou methods. Results show that thermal radiation increases blood–SWCNT temperature by up to 12%, while blood–MWCNTs exhibit higher velocity. Activation energy significantly influences concentration profiles. These findings inform the design of advanced nanofluid thermal systems for heat exchangers, solar collectors, microelectronics, and biomedical applications.