Increased Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Crohn's Disease

Background and aim: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is divided into several types, with one of the most prevalent being Crohn’s disease (CD). CD is an inflammatory disease that affects almost the entire digestive tract. Several studies have indicated that patients with Crohn’s disease experience issues in the oral cavity, with one of the most common complaints being periodontitis. This study aims to analyze the increased risk of periodontitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. Purpose: To analyze the increased risk of periodontitis in patients with Crohn’s disease and identify the underlying mechanisms that link both conditions. Methods: This research employed a literature review method using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results: Identified five relevant literature sources using the predetermined keywords. Among the five sources, four concluded that Crohn’s disease is associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. In fact, there is a two-way relationship between the two conditions due to the interaction between the environment and the immune system within the body. Conclusion: Crohn’s disease can lead to an increased risk of periodontitis. Both conditions exhibit a two-way relationship due to environmental interactions and the body's immune response to the inflammatory process.