Exploring the role of agentic AI in fostering self-efficacy, autonomy support, and self-learning motivation in higher education

This research adds richness to the fusion of TAM, SCT, and SDT theories in illustrating how AI's perceived autonomy and usability collectively promote self-directed learning motivation. This research also provides guidelines to educators and system designers to design AI tools that promote learner autonomous settings, usability, and confidence. Future research ought to perform longitudinal and cross-cultural validations to fine-tune theoretically.