Dark Energy Survey year 6 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

We present cosmology results combining galaxy clustering and weak gravitational lensing measured in the full six years (Y6) of observations by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) covering $\sim$5000 deg$^2$. We perform a large-scale structure analysis using three two-point correlation functions (3$\times$2pt): (i) cosmic shear from 140 million source galaxy shapes, (ii) galaxy clustering of 9 million lens galaxy positions, and (iii) galaxy-galaxy lensing from their cross-correlation. We model the data in flat $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM cosmologies. The combined analysis yields $S_8\equiv σ_8 (Ω_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5} = 0.789^{+0.012}_{-0.012}$ and matter density $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.333^{+0.023}_{-0.028}$ in $Λ$CDM (68\% CL), where $σ_8$ is the clustering amplitude. These constraints show a (full-space) parameter difference of 1.8$σ$ from a combination of cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropy datasets from Planck 2018, ACT-DR6, and SPT-3G DR1. Projected only into $S_8$ the difference is $2.6σ$. In $w$CDM the Y6 3$\times$2pt results yield $S_8 = 0.782^{+0.021}_{-0.020}$, $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.325^{+0.032}_{-0.035}$, and dark energy equation-of-state parameter $w = -1.12^{+0.26}_{-0.20}$. For the first time, we combine all DES dark-energy probes: 3$\times$2pt, SNe Ia, BAO and Clusters. In $Λ$CDM this combination yields a $2.8σ$ parameter difference from the CMB. When combining DES 3$\times$2pt with other low-redshift datasets (DESI DR2 BAO, DES SNe Ia, SPT clusters), we find a 2.3$σ$ parameter difference with CMB. A joint fit of Y6 3$\times$2pt, CMB, and those low-redshift datasets produces the tightest $Λ$CDM constraints to date: $S_8 = 0.806^{+0.006}_{-0.007}$, $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.302^{+0.003}_{-0.003}$, $h = 0.683^{+0.003}_{-0.002}$, and $\sum m_ν< 0.14$ eV (95\% CL). In $w$CDM, this combination yields $w = -0.981^{+0.021}_{-0.022}$.

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Publication Details

Journal
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Published
2026-11-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/nnlj-gyr2
Citations
19
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
46.12

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Dark Energy Survey year 6 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

A. Ferté, N. MacCrann, C. Doux, D. Brout et al.
19 citations
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
46.12
article

Dark Energy Survey year 6 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

A. Ferté, N. MacCrann, C. Doux, D. Brout, J Frieman, T. M. C. Abbott, M. R. Becker, R. A. Gruendl, T. M. Davis, T. Kacprzak, H. Camacho, J. DeRose, E. Bertin, J. L. Marshall, R. Camilleri, S. Dodelson, M. Crocce, N. Jeffrey, H. Lin, A. Drlica-Wagner, M. Gorsuch, A. Choi, J. Frieman, A. Carnero Rosell, F. J. Castander, B. Jain, S. Everett, J. Estrada, D. Bacon, D. Huterer, O. Lahav, F. Andrade-Oliveira, K. Honscheid, P. Giles, T. Manning, M. E. da Silva Pereira, T. M. C. Abbott, P. Carrilho, C. Doux, S. S. Allam, J. Fang, K. Herner, A. Kovacs, K. Bechtol, E. Krause, M. Jarvis, E. Legnani, D. J. James, M. Gatti, D. Brooks, I. Harrison, E. Henning, A. Farahi, J. DeRose, J. Gschwend, S. Avila, J. M. Coloma-Nadal, C. Lidman, K. Kuehn, E. Gaztanaga, E. M. Huff, S. Bocquet, A. Campos, C. Chang, S. Dodelson, D. Gruen, J. Beas-Gonzalez, R. Camilleri, D. L. Hollowood, N. Jeffrey, J. Carretero, A. Amon, E. J. Baxter, O. Alves, D. Anbajagane, L. N. da Costa, K. Glazebrook, S. Lee, A. Ferté, W. G. Hartley, M. Costanzi, R. Kron, D. Brout, J. L. Marshall, T. M. Davis, E. Bertin, J. Elvin-Poole, G. Gutierrez, M. Crocce, A. E. Evrard, T. Kacprzak, P. Fosalba, G. Giannini, H. Lin, S. R. Hinton, M. R. Becker, M. Aguena, M. Carrasco Kind, R. Cawthon, A. Alarcon
article en
19 citations

Abstract

We present cosmology results combining galaxy clustering and weak gravitational lensing measured in the full six years (Y6) of observations by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) covering $\sim$5000 deg$^2$. We perform a large-scale structure analysis using three two-point correlation functions (3$\times$2pt): (i) cosmic shear from 140 million source galaxy shapes, (ii) galaxy clustering of 9 million lens galaxy positions, and (iii) galaxy-galaxy lensing from their cross-correlation. We model the data in flat $Λ$CDM and $w$CDM cosmologies. The combined analysis yields $S_8\equiv σ_8 (Ω_{\rm m}/0.3)^{0.5} = 0.789^{+0.012}_{-0.012}$ and matter density $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.333^{+0.023}_{-0.028}$ in $Λ$CDM (68\% CL), where $σ_8$ is the clustering amplitude. These constraints show a (full-space) parameter difference of 1.8$σ$ from a combination of cosmic microwave background (CMB) primary anisotropy datasets from Planck 2018, ACT-DR6, and SPT-3G DR1. Projected only into $S_8$ the difference is $2.6σ$. In $w$CDM the Y6 3$\times$2pt results yield $S_8 = 0.782^{+0.021}_{-0.020}$, $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.325^{+0.032}_{-0.035}$, and dark energy equation-of-state parameter $w = -1.12^{+0.26}_{-0.20}$. For the first time, we combine all DES dark-energy probes: 3$\times$2pt, SNe Ia, BAO and Clusters. In $Λ$CDM this combination yields a $2.8σ$ parameter difference from the CMB. When combining DES 3$\times$2pt with other low-redshift datasets (DESI DR2 BAO, DES SNe Ia, SPT clusters), we find a 2.3$σ$ parameter difference with CMB. A joint fit of Y6 3$\times$2pt, CMB, and those low-redshift datasets produces the tightest $Λ$CDM constraints to date: $S_8 = 0.806^{+0.006}_{-0.007}$, $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.302^{+0.003}_{-0.003}$, $h = 0.683^{+0.003}_{-0.002}$, and $\sum m_ν< 0.14$ eV (95\% CL). In $w$CDM, this combination yields $w = -0.981^{+0.021}_{-0.022}$.

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, University of Pennsylvania, Ohio State University, University of Chicago, University of Portsmouth, Centres de Recerca de Catalunya, University College London, European Commission, University of Sussex, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, China Scholarship Council, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Office of Science, Science and Technology Facilities Council, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, High Energy Physics, Integrated Electronics Engineering Center, Binghamton University, Argonne National Laboratory, Fermilab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
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Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
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