Ameles spallanzania (Insecta, Dictyoptera): A newly introduced species of Mantodea in Crimean fauna

Recent years have seen the arrival of many non-native species of praying mantises (Insecta: Mantodea) around the globe. These introductions are thought to be either accidental, aided by human transport and decorative plants, or a result of expansion of their natural distribution range. The Crimean Peninsula is especially affected by the arrival and colonization of invasive insect species, most of which have no specialized natural enemies. Here, the first findings of the European dwarf mantis ( Ameles spallanzania ) in the Crimean Peninsula are reported. The species was likely introduced with Savin juniper ( Juniperus sabina ) plants and was found in a city park and on a private lot in Sevastopol. A morphological comparison of this alien species with the native A. heldreichi is presented, while a molecular investigation of available COI barcodes of A. spallanzania suggests the most likely origin of introduction is the Mani Peninsula, Greece. Both morphological and genetic evidence can be used for the rapid identification of Ameles species in Crimea and for further monitoring of the impact and potential disturbances caused by introduced populations of A. spallanzania on the native ecosystem. No strong molecular support for the subspecific division of A. heldreichi was found.