Impact of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) on the Dorsum of the Tongue and Gustatory Sensitivity: A Review Article

Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that may extend beyond the esophagus, affecting oral tissues, particularly the tongue. Objective: This review analyzes the impact of GERD on the dorsum of the tongue and its association with altered gustatory function, notably dysgeusia. Methods: A descriptive qualitative literature review was conducted by analyzing eleven scholarly sources retrieved from PubMed and other journal databases. Results: The review found that GERD-induced acid exposure can reach the oral cavity, leading to inflammation of the dorsum of the tongue and impairment of taste receptor function. Conclusion: GERD contributes to gustatory disturbances through acid-related irritation of the tongue’s dorsal surface. Lifestyle modifications and medical management of GERD are essential to prevent dysgeusia and preserve oral sensory health.