Screening of human and environmental microbiota-derived extracts reveals pathogen-specific anti-virulence activity

Of 82 microbiome-derived CFEs, (65/82, 79%) partially inhibited P. aeruginosa biofilm formation, (20/82, 24%) affected S. aureus, and none inhibited E. coli biofilms. Ten percent improved in vivo survival in P. aeruginosa infections, while (47/82, 57%) increased mortality in E. coli-infected larvae. Anti-virulence effects were pathogen-specific and occurred without measurable impacts on planktonic growth under the conditions tested.