Congenital urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence: observational clinical findings and treatment outcomes—a small retrospective study in 19 bitches

Based on the results of this retrospective study, CUSMI may show a low rate of initial complete response achieving full continence status after phenylpropanolamine treatment at 1.5 mg/kg SID orally when compared to treatment of acquired urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence patients. Observational clinical findings suggest that worsening of incontinence may possibly occur after neutering including dogs that experienced improvement before or during estrus.