Prospective brides' perceptions of pregnancy preparation in early marriage

Early marriage remains a reproductive health issue because it increases the risk of physical, psychological, and social problems for adolescents. This study aims to describe the perceptions of prospective brides regarding pregnancy preparation in early marriage by emphasizing in-depth findings from six informants. The study used a phenomenological qualitative design with semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling, conducted from August to November 2025. Data analysis used content analysis techniques. The results showed that the readiness of prospective brides to face pregnancy in early marriage still faces various limitations. Physical readiness was characterized by biological immaturity, suboptimal nutritional status, a history of anemia, and a low understanding of preconception health. Emotional readiness was also a major challenge, as seen in anxiety about the role of parents, fear of the delivery process, and ambivalence. In contrast, financial readiness was perceived to be relatively good, especially in relation to meeting the basic needs of pregnancy and childbirth, although this was highly dependent on the economic conditions of the prospective husband. Spiritual readiness and support from the husband and immediate family play an important role in strengthening the mental and psychological readiness of expectant mothers. These findings emphasize the need for a holistic approach through strengthening preconception health education and family support in preparing for pregnancy in early marriage.