Clinical outcomes and feasibility of 3D-printed titanium alloy scaffolds combined with platelet-rich plasma injection in the treatment of long-segment femoral defects

This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and feasibility of 3D-printed titanium alloy scaffolds combined with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in the treatment of long-segment femoral defects. The mean follow-up duration for all patients in this study was 12.63 ± 1.02 months. At the final follow-up, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was 2.13 ± 1.15, significantly lower than the preoperative score of 6.31 ± 1.74 (P < 0.001). The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) score was 54.88 ± 6.01, significantly higher than the preoperative score of 33.81 ± 8.05 (P < 0.001). The Lane–Sandhu score was 7.19 ± 1.38, and the patient-reported satisfaction score was 8.88 ± 1.02. No severe complications were observed during the follow-up period.