STRENGTHENING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STRATEGIC RESOURCES IN THE SUSTAINABLE MINERAL MINING SECTOR

Abstract The management of mineral resources in Indonesia, although constitutionally mandated by Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia for the prosperity of the people, is still dominated in practice by a short-term economic growth and investment orientation. The urgency of this research emerged due to regulatory disharmony, conflicts of authority between the central and regional governments after the decentralization of the Mineral and Coal Law, and inconsistencies in downstreaming policies that hinder social justice and environmental sustainability. The main issues examined include the nature of sustainable strategic resource management, the evaluation of mineral mining legal policies in Indonesia, and the formulation of relevant legal framework strengthening. The purpose of this research is to analyze the nature of sustainable mineral management, examine its legal politics, and formulate a model for strengthening the legal framework to achieve fair and sovereign governance. The research method used is normative legal research with empirical verification. The approaches used include a statute approach, a conceptual approach, a historical approach, and a comparative approach, supported by interviews with relevant sources. The research results indicate that the essence of sustainable mineral management is a constitutional economic practice that balances economic, social, and environmental aspects. Current mining law policy is found to be still sectoral and partial, which triggers the centralization of authority and the weak effectiveness of the Community Development and Empowerment (PPM) program. As a solution, this research formulates strengthening the legal framework thru a rationality-based model that integrates the principles of transparency, accountability, and participation. The implications of this research confirm the need to reorient the purpose of mining law from a mere licensing instrument to welfare law by strengthening norms at the level of laws, government regulations, and institutionalizing partnerships that involve local communities as subjects of development.