Clinical presentation, etiology, and treatment outcomes of mycetoma: A 25-year retrospective study in Southern Thailand

Mycetoma in southern Thailand is uncommon but clinically significant. Unlike classical endemic regions, eumycetoma predominated and was caused by diverse fungi rather than Madurella mycetomatis. Despite combined medical and surgical therapy, cure rates were modest and complications frequent. These findings highlight regional differences in epidemiology and underscore the need for strengthened diagnostics, access to effective therapy, and region-specific neglected tropical disease strategies in Southeast Asia.