ADAPTABILITY OF BUCKWHEAT VARIETIES IN TERMS OF YIELD AND 1000-GRAIN WEIGHT IN STATE CULTIVATION PLANT PLOTS OF KRASNOYARSK REGION

The aim of the study is to evaluate the adaptive properties of buckwheat varieties that had been undergoing state variety testing since 2010 at 8 State Variety Testing Stations of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The analysis involved 13 buckwheat varieties (Dikul', Dizajn, Diana, Danaya, Solyanskaya, Natasha, Zemlyachka, Nikol'skaya, Druzhina, Zarina, Dasha, Yash'lyok, Zhdanka), which were tested on 8 variety testing plots in 5 contrasting natural zones of the Region: Dzerzhinsky (Zone IV), Uyarsky (V), Nazarovsky, Uzhursky (VI), Karatuzsky (VII), Krasnoturansky, Minusinsky (VIII). All observations and records at the State Variety Testing Stations of the Region were conducted in accordance with the Methodology of State Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops (1985, 1989). The environmental stability of buckwheat varieties in terms of yield and 1000-grain weight was assessed according to N.A. Sobolev [1980]. The results of the study showed a generally high stability index for buckwheat varieties undergoing state variety testing at the region's variety testing sites; six of them had a yield stability index of 0.87 or higher (Zemlyachka, Zarina, Dikul’, Dasha, Dizajn, and Zhdanka). These indices are within the experimental error. Diana, a variety bred by the Federal Scientific Center for Crops and Breeding (Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center for Crops and Breeding), and Natasha, a variety bred by the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding, demonstrated a significant dependence on growing conditions. Of interest are the following varieties, which have demonstrated significant yield and environmental stability: Yash'lyok (Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences) and Zhdanka (Kuragino Experimental Farm, a branch of the Kazan Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences). The Dikul’, Dizajn, and Dasha varieties, which have been cultivated for a long time in the Krasnoyarsk Region, show stable yields, but lower than Yash'lyok and Zhdanka. Thousand-grain weight can be used as one of the key elements of yield structure to confirm the adaptability of the variety.