Problem-, resources- and goals-oriented (PRoGO) approach in psychiatry: illustrated by the case of Ludwig II of Bavaria

Mental health issues are dimensional in nature, yet both ICD-11 and DSM-5 are categorical classifications, leaving many patients not fitting into them. Using Bavaria’s “fairy-tale” king Ludwig II—whose diagnosis remains debated—as an example, we illustrate how the Problem-, Resources-, and Goal-Oriented (PRoGO) approach can lead to a better characterisation of patients and guide personalized treatment planning.

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Publication Details

Journal
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Published
2026-01-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-025-02192-9
Primary Topic
Mental Health and Psychiatry
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Problem-, resources- and goals-oriented (PRoGO) approach in psychiatry: illustrated by the case of Ludwig II of Bavaria

Wolfgang Strube, Kerem Böge, John M. Davis, Stefan Leucht et al.
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
Mental Health and Psychiatry
article

Problem-, resources- and goals-oriented (PRoGO) approach in psychiatry: illustrated by the case of Ludwig II of Bavaria

Wolfgang Strube, Kerem Böge, John M. Davis, Stefan Leucht, Amr ElDeeb, Hans Förstl
article en

Abstract

Mental health issues are dimensional in nature, yet both ICD-11 and DSM-5 are categorical classifications, leaving many patients not fitting into them. Using Bavaria’s “fairy-tale” king Ludwig II—whose diagnosis remains debated—as an example, we illustrate how the Problem-, Resources-, and Goal-Oriented (PRoGO) approach can lead to a better characterisation of patients and guide personalized treatment planning.

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical NeuroscienceVol. 276(1)
University of Augsburg (DE), TUM Klinikum (DE), University of Illinois Chicago (US), German Center for Infection Research (DE), Inn-Salzach-Klinikum (DE), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DE), KUKA (Germany) (DE), Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane (DE), Technical University of Munich (DE), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
Openalex Percentile: Top 82%
Mental Health and Psychiatry
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Problem-, resources- and goals-oriented (PRoGO) approach in psychiatry: illustrated by the case of Ludwig II of Bavaria — Wolfgang Strube, Kerem Böge, et al. · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS