Inequality in Face-to-Face Interactions: Status, Prototypicality, and Subgrouping

We report on the first experimental tests of the integration of status characteristics theory and self-categorization theory. Using 3-person and 6-person group interaction studies, we find mixed support. While members who have higher status in the group, or who have traits prototypical of the group, do impart greater influence over group decision-making, for members who have both high status and prototypical characteristics, the benefits are not additive. Group members are also no more likely to direct behaviors to a fellow group member who displays prototypical traits than to either non-prototypical fellow group members or individuals in an outgroup.