Relationship of Serum Iron and Lipemic Levels with Inflammatory Biomarkers and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy

Type 2 diabetes is a systemic inflammatory condition with hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and insulin secretion defects. It increases cardiovascular risk and leads to oxidative stress and inflammation. Diabetic nephropathy, a major microvascular complication, is caused by high iron intake or storage, causing hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and pancreatic dysfunction. Targeting oxidative stress is crucial for managing DN. Researchers at Baquba General Hospital's Ibn Sina Dialysis Center studied iron levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy from October 2023 to January 2024. Eighty adults with no prior conditions, malnutrition, or inflammatory illnesses were screened. The study included 40 participants as a control group and involved blood tests for serum lipids, iron, , C-reactive protein, IL-6, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The study also determined BMI, a person's body mass index, by dividing their mass by their height. Biomarker estimation was performed once in all subjects. Statistical analysis assessed data homogeneity, normal distribution, and normality using an independent samples t-test. The study analyzed clinical demographics, including age and BMI, and found significant differences in albumin levels and lipid variables between patients and healthy individuals. The average age of patients was 59.3375±10.0, while the control group had a lower BMI. The study also found significant changes in cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL levels between patients and control groups. No significant correlation was found between iron and oxidative stress, lipid profile, or glutathione peroxidase.