Rehabilitation outcomes of older persons within the context of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): a systematic review

This review shows that body functions and activities and participation are most consistently linked to clinical outcomes in older persons, reflecting their central role in functional independence and quality of life. Environmental factors were examined less often, yet contextual factors (including personal factors) remain important for understanding recovery and personalized care. These findings clarify which ICF-based functional profiles are routinely captured and support more structured, person-centred assessment across the rehabilitation trajectory. Further research should include personal factors and longer-term outcomes.