Weeds as a indicator of phytosanitary well-being of winter wheat crop

Weeds are wild plants, the growth of which is undesirable in the territories that are necessary for humans in their economic activities, in particular for the production of agricultural products. assessment of the phytosanitary state of the agrocenosis of winter wheat depending on the intensity of the care methods. A model field experiment was laid down, where different intensities of care methods for winter wheat crops were simulated. The studies were carried out in the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic and Stavropol Krai in 2022-2024. The object of the research was soft mid-season winter wheat of the Yuzhanka variety, zoned in the Chechen Republic. In Stavropol Krai, the mid-early winter wheat variety Adel was studied. The purpose of the study is to study the effect of winter wheat care methods on the phytosanitary state of its crops. The results of the conducted research can be used to improve the system of measures to combat harmful objects in winter wheat crops, to compile a register of harmful objects, and can also be used in the educational process. In the forest-steppe zone of the Stavropol Territory and the Chechen Republic, a mixed type of weed infestation of winter wheat crops is observed. The crop yield varies depending on the intensity of crop care techniques. Winter wheat crops, weeded throughout the growing season, showed yield losses of more than 40%. In the first 26 days after emergence, winter wheat (Adel variety) is most vulnerable to joint growth with weeds. This is a critical period of weed harmfulness experimentally established during a model field experiment. For the Yuzhanka variety, this period is 21 days.