Analyzing Key Factors for AI-Based Smart Factory Adoption in SME Manufacturing

This study investigates the key factors influencing Korean manufacturing SMEs' intention to adopt AI solutions. Based on the ISSM, TOE, and TAM frameworks, the model includes information quality, system quality, and organizational environment as independent variables, with perceived usefulness and trust as mediators. A survey of 452 SMEs revealed that all three factors positively affect adoption intention through the mediators. Additionally, firms with higher smart factory maturity showed stronger effects from perceived usefulness, while less mature firms relied more on trust and system quality. The results suggest that digital readiness shapes technology perception and highlight the need for differentiated strategies. Practical and policy directions were proposed to support the digital transformation of SMEs through AI adoption, and the need for tailored solutions based on each company's level of digital maturity was identified.