Retrospective study on prevention of bladder neck contracture by local injection of betamethasone after transurethral resection of the prostate in patients with small-volume prostate

The baseline characteristics of the two groups were comparable (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). During the 12-month follow-up, the incidence of BNC in the betamethasone injection group was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.3% vs. 10.8%, <i>p</i> = 0.004). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified local betamethasone injection as an independent protective factor against BNC (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.06-0.69, <i>p</i> = 0.011), while prostate volume ≤30 mL was an independent risk factor (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.08-9.53, <i>p</i> = 0.036). There were no significant differences in the incidence of other postoperative complications (urinary tract infection, secondary hemorrhage, urethral stricture, urinary incontinence) between the two groups (all <i>p</i> > 0.05).Conclusion: Local injection of betamethasone during TURP significantly reduces the incidence of BNC in patients with small-volume prostates without increasing perioperative complications. This intervention targets the inflammatory and fibrotic mechanisms underlying BNC and serves as a safe and effective adjuvant strategy to optimize surgical outcomes in this high-risk population.