Transformative leadership in embracing neurodiversity: a framework for organizational digital transformation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how transformative leadership can support neurodivergent employees while implementing digital transformation initiatives. Design/methodology/approach A narrative literature review of 178 sources across organizational behavior, human resources, information systems and disability studies informed the development of a conceptual framework through thematic analysis. Findings Six leadership competencies emerged from the analysis: adaptability, inclusivity, facilitation, communication, innovation and knowledge. Traditional leadership models inadequately address the dual challenges of neurodiversity inclusion and digital transformation. Originality/value This research uniquely integrates previously separate literature streams on digital leadership, neurodiversity inclusion and transformative leadership theory, offering a novel conceptualization that addresses both technological innovation and human diversity as complementary organizational imperatives.