Assessment of left atrial-left ventricular-arterial coupling in amateur marathon runners using three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography

Following prolonged high-intensity endurance exercise, amateur marathon runners exhibit varying degrees of impairment in LA structure and function. Elevated LASI and PWV/GLS ratios serve as early indicators of abnormal left atrial-ventricular-arterial coupling in this population. 3D-STE demonstrates high sensitivity in detecting these subclinical alterations, providing valuable insights for evaluating the cardio-vascular interplay in amateur marathon runners.