Editorial: Molecular and physiological mechanisms driving phytoremediation

particularly for emerging pollutants such as PFAS,nanomaterials,and residues. Moreover,36 the interactive effects of multiple contaminants, plant and abiotic stressors, especially 37 drought and elevated are poorly characterized, even though fundamentally reshape 38 contaminant bioavailability and plant physiological responses. The limited integration of omics-39 driven molecular insights with field-relevant physiological data also constrains our ability to design 40 or engineer plants with enhanced remediation efficiency. Addressing these gaps is essential for 41 moving from proof-of-concept experimentation toward this collection underscores the transformative potential of modern plant science to 84 address global contamination challenges. We hope this special issue will catalyze new collaborations, 85 inspire innovative methodologies, and provide a foundation for developing resilient, nature-based 86 solutions capable of meeting the demands of an increasingly complex environmental landscape.