Transcultural Nursing theoretical framework and its contemporary relevance to cardiovascular and stroke research: a discursive paper

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke disproportionately affect people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, with disparities driven by cultural, social, and systemic barriers. Despite these disparities, people of CALD backgrounds remain underrepresented throughout CVD research. The Transcultural Nursing theoretical framework provides a structure for culturally appropriate research by integrating patients' beliefs, values, and preferences. This discussion paper examines the Transcultural Nursing theoretical framework and its relevance in CVD and stroke research, and demonstrates its application through exemplars. Despite critiques concerning complexity and potential stereotyping, the Transcultural Nursing theoretical framework remains a valuable framework for culturally responsive research.