Pharmacologic and toxicologic confounders in brain death determination: a multidisciplinary guide
Accurate assessment of coma and brain death often requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating expertise in neurology, pharmacy, critical care, and toxicology. Current brain death guidelines provide a framework but leave open critical gaps in pharmacologic and toxicologic confounders. This review article highlights the importance of multidisciplinary approach to the care of coma and brain death patients and further research to refine diagnostic accuracy and mitigate the risks of premature brain death declarations.
Authors
- Salia Farrokh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2199-0552)
- Pravin George (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3094-5825)
- Ryan Feldman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6630-3288)
- Aarti Sarwal
- Aaron Cook
- Mark Mirski
- Vishank Shah
Institutions
- Froedtert Hospital (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Johns Hopkins Medicine (US)
- Inova Fairfax Hospital (US)
- Johns Hopkins Hospital (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Critical Care
- Published
- 2026-01-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-025-05833-6
- Primary Topic
- Organ Donation and Transplantation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00