Frontal Electroencephalogram Phase–Amplitude Coupling Reflects Nociception and the Analgesic Effect of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in Laparoscopic Surgery

Laparoscopic surgical stimulation reduces EEG alpha power and delta-alpha PAC. Delta-alpha PAC demonstrated greater sensitivity than alpha power measures in distinguishing nociceptive input and reflecting the nerve block effects, suggesting its potential as an intraoperative nociception-analgesia marker. However, perioperative EEG patterns showed limited value in predicting postoperative pain, suggesting that postoperative pain perception is shaped by more complex mechanisms requiring further investigation.