Current research hotspots and difficulties of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: neuroendocrine mechanism

CP/CPPS is a systemic condition involving complex neuro-endocrine-immune interactions. Therapeutic strategies targeting neuroendocrine mechanisms-including neuropeptide receptor antagonists, glial cell inhibitors, and neuromodulation techniques-offer promising directions for precision medicine. Future research should focus on multi-omics approaches and neuroendocrine-based patient classification for individualized treatment.