Advancements in development of novel class of HIV protease inhibitors

This review addresses the current landscape of PIs, the primary PR mutations that confer drug resistance, and identifies three classes of novel PIs that warrant consideration for anti-HIV drug development: (i) novel PIs exhibiting robust inhibitory activity that target the traditional active, non-active and cleavage sites of PR; (ii) novel PIs designed to target drug-resistant PR variants, particularly those associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) HIV isolates; and (iii) novel PIs that engage multiple stages of HIV replication, thereby enhancing the anti-HIV efficacy of PIs.