Quantitative Modeling of Nanopore Formation in 2D MoS <sub>2</sub> by Swift Heavy-Ion Irradiation
Swift heavy-ion irradiation provides a versatile route for nanostructuring two-dimensional (2D) materials, with potential applications ranging from membrane engineering to electronic and sensing technologies. Here, we combine high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy with atomistic simulations to demonstrate controlled nanopore formation in monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub>, with pore sizes governed by stochastic energy transfer. By incorporating electron bunching, spatial straggling, and energy loss through escaping particles, our energy-transfer model quantitatively reproduces experimental pore size distributions and surpasses conventional stopping power predictions. These results deepen our understanding of ion-matter interactions in 2D systems and enable the controlled fabrication of functional nanostructures via ion irradiation.
Authors
- P. L. Grande (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0199-0520)
- Yossarian Liebsch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7943-2089)
- Lukas Madauß (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-5967)
- A. T. Charlie Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5402-1224)
- Mengqiang Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-4552)
- Shavkat Akhmadaliev
- Henrique Vázquez Muíños (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1697-9797)
- Aleksi A. Leino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-548X)
- Mukesh Tripathi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7343-1336)
- Marko Karlušić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-674X)
- Henning Lebius
- Flyura Djurabekova
- K. Tomić Luketić
- M. Eugenia Toimil-Molares
- Jani Kotakoski
- Marika Schleberger
- Clara Grygiel
- André Maas
- Lars Breuer
- Rajendra Singh
Institutions
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (DE)
- École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (FR)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (DE)
- California University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Instituto de Física La Plata (AR)
- Ruđer Bošković Institute (HR)
- Material Sciences (United States) (US)
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (GB)
Publication Details
- Journal
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Published
- 2026-01-20
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5c20044
- Primary Topic
- Nanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00