Measurement-based adaptive temperature control for Lifetime extension of distribution transformers under dynamic loading

• Proposes a technological program for active oil temperature control to enhance distribution transformer RUL. • Quantitatively analyzes how modern loads (e.g., EVs, PVs) impact the remaining useful life of transformers. • An adaptive thermal management strategy is proposed to dynamically regulate transformer temperature against load variation. • Enables active and dynamic adjustment of transformer RUL based on economic or safety priorities. In response to the challenges of an accelerated aging rate and excessive life loss of distribution transformers resulting from the integration of distributed photovoltaics and electric vehicles, this paper proposes a flexible strategy to actively prolong the insulation life of transformers by reforming transformer cooling systems. An experimental platform consisting of a 2kVA prototype transformer with complete temperature control functionality was first built in the laboratory. A heat dissipation system was designed to facilitate the dynamic temperature rise control of the transformer, and the heat dissipation performance was verified through numerical simulation. Afterward, temperature rise experiments were conducted on distribution transformers under different load conditions. On this basis, an active temperature rise control strategy was proposed. Finally, the relative aging rate and remaining useful life with and without the active transformer temperature control system were calculated. The results show that the proposed active temperature control can effectively reduce the aging rate of transformers and prolong the life expectancy of distribution transformers.