Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the brain injury vision symptom survey: bridging the gap with an Arabic version

The Arabic BIVSS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing TBI-related visual symptoms. This cross-culturally adapted version can facilitate clinical screening and research in Arabic-speaking populations. However, given the small sample size and lack of a control group, further research is required to establish population-specific cut-off values and assess construct validity and responsiveness.