Sex differences in electrocardiograms of trained athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Compared to male athletes, female athletes were twice as likely to have abnormal TWI and six times as likely to have isolated TWIV1-V3, a finding which was not accompanied by diagnoses of cardiac pathology in female athletes. These data should help inform sex-specific aspects of athlete ECG screening guidelines.
Authors
- Ludmila Cosío-Lima (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-7535)
- Simone Ungaro
- Bradley J. Petek (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-2262)
- Tochukwu F. Ilodibia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2918-2680)
- Angus Davis
- Sameera Mukhtar
- Tim Driscoll
- Alessandro Zorzi
- Hamish MacLachlan
- Belinda Gray
- Wojciech Krol
- Rheannon van der Linden
- Jessica J Orchard
- Danica Sardelich
Institutions
- United States Army Medical Command (US)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- St George's, University of London (GB)
- Medical University of Warsaw (PL)
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (AU)
- United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (US)
- Cooperative Trials Group for Neuro-Oncology (AU)
- The George Institute for Global Health (AU)
- University of West Florida (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Journal of Preventive Cardiology
- Published
- 2026-01-03
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwag004
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00