The role of participatory tools and vernacular knowledge in interpreted landscapes: Two examples from the French Alps

The popularity of geotourism is on the rise, and participatory approach projects are becoming increasingly common within the UNESCO Global Geoparks network. Nevertheless, geoparks may occasionally fail in the purpose of connecting with communities, and the application of community participation may be confusing. This paper, through a qualitative analysis, explores the integration of participatory tools and vernacular knowledge in managing geotourism in the Northern French Alps, focusing on their potential to enhance geotrails and interpretation centers. While these practices can strengthen community engagement and project success, they are still underutilized in geotourism management. The data were collected through a combination of methods, including observation of interpretation panels, supplementary materials, and technologies, as well as through direct observation and seven expert interviews. The findings indicate that geotrails and interpretive centers are considered essential for popularizing geology, diversifying tourism, and achieving regional sustainable development. Furthermore, the importance of participatory tools and popular knowledge for interpreted environments and the achievement of territorial sustainable development is emphasized. However, the qualitative data analysis suggests that there is an underemphasis on participatory tools and an inadequate integration of vernacular knowledge in the study areas, which raises questions about the long-term efficacy of these approaches with absolute certainty. This highlights the need for standardized models to guide participatory approaches and evaluate their effectiveness, as well as the integration of vernacular knowledge into geotrails. Additionally, recognizing the potential value of these elements, it is essential to increase local community involvement in the design of geotrails and to better incorporate vernacular knowledge into the narrative.