Local Acidic Microenvironments Enhanced Anodic Formamide Electrosynthesis over Isolated Pd Sites

Abstract Electrocatalytic C─N oxidative coupling of methanol and ammonia enables sustainable formamide synthesis under ambient conditions. However, the poor C─N coupling selectivity and limited Faradaic efficiency hinder practical application. As the critical step involves nucleophilic attack of NH 3 on in situ generated *CH 2 O intermediates, enhancing *CH 2 O electrophilicity while suppressing over‐oxidation is essential. Herein, Pd single atoms anchored on MnO 2 nanoarrays achieve state‐of‐the‐art Faradaic efficiency (62.6%) and carbon selectivity (80.2%) for anodic formamide synthesis. In situ characterization and theoretical simulations reveal dual enhancement mechanisms: Isolated Pd sites adopt end‐on *CH 2 O adsorption to expose the electrophilic carbon, while the MnO 2 ‐induced acidic microenvironment enhances *CH 2 O electrophilicity via oxygen‐atom protonation. This synergy accelerates nucleophilic attack by NH 3 , enabling efficient C─N coupling.

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Publication Details

Journal
Angewandte Chemie
Published
2026-01-19
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202521334
Primary Topic
Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Local Acidic Microenvironments Enhanced Anodic Formamide Electrosynthesis over Isolated Pd Sites

Ming Jiang, Baian Shen, Yaoxin Li, Xinbin Ma et al.
Angewandte Chemie
Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
article

Local Acidic Microenvironments Enhanced Anodic Formamide Electrosynthesis over Isolated Pd Sites

Ming Jiang, Baian Shen, Yaoxin Li, Xinbin Ma, Yuyi Wang, Yanmei Huang, Yifu Yu, Hongjiao Li, TianTian Xiao
article en

Abstract

Abstract Electrocatalytic C─N oxidative coupling of methanol and ammonia enables sustainable formamide synthesis under ambient conditions. However, the poor C─N coupling selectivity and limited Faradaic efficiency hinder practical application. As the critical step involves nucleophilic attack of NH 3 on in situ generated *CH 2 O intermediates, enhancing *CH 2 O electrophilicity while suppressing over‐oxidation is essential. Herein, Pd single atoms anchored on MnO 2 nanoarrays achieve state‐of‐the‐art Faradaic efficiency (62.6%) and carbon selectivity (80.2%) for anodic formamide synthesis. In situ characterization and theoretical simulations reveal dual enhancement mechanisms: Isolated Pd sites adopt end‐on *CH 2 O adsorption to expose the electrophilic carbon, while the MnO 2 ‐induced acidic microenvironment enhances *CH 2 O electrophilicity via oxygen‐atom protonation. This synergy accelerates nucleophilic attack by NH 3 , enabling efficient C─N coupling.

Angewandte ChemieVol. 138(10)
Tianjin University of Technology (CN), Tianjin University (CN), Sichuan University (CN), Unité Matériaux et Transformations (FR), Xinjiang University (CN)
Openalex Percentile: Top 84%
Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
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