How dispatchers recognize agonal and abnormal breathing in suspected cardiac arrest: A scoping review
Strategies such as protocol adjustments, hand-on-belly assessment, and systematic use of breathing descriptors may strengthen dispatcher recognition of cardiac arrest. Structured training on technical and communication skills is essential to optimize their application. Further research should evaluate the impact of these interventions on survival outcomes across diverse cultural and organizational contexts.
Authors
- Alessandro Galazzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0085-7015)
- Nicola Ramacciati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-8133)
- Sara Tararan
Institutions
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- Libera Università Maria SS. Assunta (IT)
- Ospedale Maggiore Carlo Alberto Pizzardi (IT)
- Agenzia Regionale Emergenza Urgenza (IT)
- University of Calabria (IT)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine
- Published
- 2026-01-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.15441/ceem.25.196
- Primary Topic
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00