High-fidelity chip delayering using green (515 nm) femtosecond lasers

Accurately reconstructing the metal layers of semiconductor chips is essential for legacy hardware support, design validation, and failure analysis. Conventional methods such as mechanical polishing, chemical etching, and focused ion beam (FIB) delayering, while established, tend to be slow, inconsistent, and resource-intensive-making them less suitable for systematic or scalable workflows. To address these limitations, we developed a streamlined approach combining laser-based delayering with high-resolution multimodality microscopy, offering a more efficient and reproducible alternative. Building on our earlier work with infrared laser delayering, which faces challenges related to selective material interactions and uneven ablation, in this work, we have investigated the use of a green (515 nm) laser. This alternative wavelength offers reduced sensitivity to material variations, allowing for more uniform and controlled removal of chip layers. Through a thorough parameter space exploration and optimization process, we achieved significantly cleaner delayering and exposure of underlying structures. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through comparative imaging using confocal microscopy and SEM, as well as material analysis via EDS, all showing notable significant improvements in layer clarity and debris reduction. These results highlight the green laser's potential as a powerful tool for high-fidelity chip analysis in modern diagnostics and reverse engineering workflows.

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Publication Details

Journal
Scientific Reports
Published
2026-01-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35091-7
Primary Topic
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
Type
article
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article

High-fidelity chip delayering using green (515 nm) femtosecond lasers

Adrian Phoulady, Garth C. Egan, Alexander Blagojevic, M. Emanuel et al.
Scientific Reports
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
article

High-fidelity chip delayering using green (515 nm) femtosecond lasers

Adrian Phoulady, Garth C. Egan, Alexander Blagojevic, M. Emanuel, Parisa Mahyari, Todor Bliznakov, Mohammad Taghi Mohammadi Anaei, Wesley Roser, Matthew Maniscalco, Sina Shahbazmohamadi, Pouya Tavousi, Toni Moore, Hongbin Choi, Nicholas May
article en

Abstract

Accurately reconstructing the metal layers of semiconductor chips is essential for legacy hardware support, design validation, and failure analysis. Conventional methods such as mechanical polishing, chemical etching, and focused ion beam (FIB) delayering, while established, tend to be slow, inconsistent, and resource-intensive-making them less suitable for systematic or scalable workflows. To address these limitations, we developed a streamlined approach combining laser-based delayering with high-resolution multimodality microscopy, offering a more efficient and reproducible alternative. Building on our earlier work with infrared laser delayering, which faces challenges related to selective material interactions and uneven ablation, in this work, we have investigated the use of a green (515 nm) laser. This alternative wavelength offers reduced sensitivity to material variations, allowing for more uniform and controlled removal of chip layers. Through a thorough parameter space exploration and optimization process, we achieved significantly cleaner delayering and exposure of underlying structures. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through comparative imaging using confocal microscopy and SEM, as well as material analysis via EDS, all showing notable significant improvements in layer clarity and debris reduction. These results highlight the green laser's potential as a powerful tool for high-fidelity chip analysis in modern diagnostics and reverse engineering workflows.

Scientific ReportsVol. 16(1)
Tescan (Czechia) (CZ), University of Connecticut (US), Mitre (United States) (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 83%
Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis
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