A Synthesis of Invasive Species Challenges and Policy Recommendations across US and US-Affiliated Islands

Abstract Islands are biodiversity hotspots but are highly vulnerable to invasive species that threaten natural resources, food security, economies, cultural practices, and public health. In this article, we synthesize invasive species challenges on US and US-affiliated islands and develop informed recommendations to strengthen biosecurity and management strategies. We highlight three priority areas for federal action: social, economic, and capacity conditions; terrestrial and marine biosecurity; and control measures and long-term restoration. Our key findings emphasize the critical need for better prevention at ports of entry and stronger multiagency coordination, which would also reduce invasion risks to the continent and bolster US national security. Lessons from successful global island programs stress the importance of collaborative governance, community engagement, and innovation. Although they are grounded in the US context, our findings have global relevance for improving island resilience, protecting biodiversity, and enhancing socioeconomic and cultural stability.