The Impact of Inappropriate Sexual Behaviors in People With Dementia on Family Caregivers: A Scoping Review

This scoping review examines the impact of inappropriate sexual behaviors (ISBs) in people with dementia on their family caregivers. Through synthesizing 15 studies from 8 countries, 6 themes were identified: complex emotional responses, psychological distress, increased caregiver burden, practical caregiving challenges, impaired marital relationships, and social isolation. Findings reveal caregivers frequently experience helplessness, embarrassment, anger, anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal, exacerbated by societal taboos surrounding sexuality and limited professional support. Spousal caregivers are particularly affected, reporting increased emotional strain and marital distress. Practical caregiving difficulties, including safety and privacy concerns, limited access to care services, and challenging institutionalization decisions, further intensify caregiver burden. The review highlights significant research gaps, including the need for specialized assessment tools, broader and culturally diverse studies, and exploration of ISBs as distinct phenomena. Addressing these gaps is crucial for developing targeted interventions and adequately supporting caregivers, particularly within home-based and culturally sensitive dementia care services.