Evaluating the potential to predict chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in carboplatin-containing treatment based on symptoms induced by prior cisplatin-containing treatment

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a serious adverse effect of cisplatin (CDDP)- and carboplatin (CBDCA)-containing treatments. In this study, we aimed to assess the potential to predict CINV in subsequent CBDCA-containing chemotherapy based on symptoms induced by prior CDDP-containing treatments. Patients with thoracic cancer who received CDDP followed by CBDCA treatments (n = 52) were divided into a control group, including patients with total control (TC) of CINV during prior CDDP-containing treatment period, and a CINV-experience group, including patients who did not achieve TC of CINV during the CDDP-containing treatment period. Patients were retrospectively evaluated. The TC rates during all evaluation periods (0-120 h) were significantly lower in the CINV-experience group than in the control group (45.5% and 86.7%, respectively, P = 0.002), which met the primary endpoint. The incidence rates of all-grade nausea and anorexia were also significantly higher in the CINV-experience group. In conclusion, our study suggests that CINV prediction in subsequent CBDCA-containing treatment based on the symptoms induced by prior CDDP-containing treatment is achievable.