Simulation analysis and implementation of a permanent magnet configuration on an RF helicon-based plasma thruster

Abstract Satellites in very low Earth orbit (VLEO) decay over time due to drag. However, payloads can be benefited, potentially improving performance and costs. To enable VLEOs, the Institute of Space Systems (IRS) is developing an atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion (ABEP) system. The current design is based on an electrodeless RF helicon-based plasma thruster (IPT) laboratory prototype. It features a solenoid that provides the external magnetic field for plasma confinement and acceleration. Based on this, a vacuum capable model is developed, using as alternative a magnet configuration. Different ring magnet configurations are investigated, optimizing the magnetic field topology. Performance and plasma properties are extracted by a theoretical model. A simulation process approach is presented. A sensitivity analysis is conducted, identifying factors affecting the magnetic field topology. A simple way is proposed to change the field strength, keeping field topology and geometry the same by adjusting the internal diameter of the magnets. As a result, changes of the field strength and the resulting performance parameters, required by future developments of the IPT, can be accounted for.