Extremely delayed brachial artery pseudoaneurysm occurring 25 years after a severe burn injury: A case report and literature review

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysms after burn injury are extremely rare. A 56-year-old man presented with a pulsatile mass in the right upper arm. Computed tomography revealed a 37-mm saccular aneurysm of the brachial artery. He had sustained a severe burn at the same site 25 years earlier, treated with skin grafting, without any history of trauma, arterial puncture, or infection. The lesion was resected and reconstructed with a 4-mm polytetrafluoroethylene graft. Histological examination demonstrated a fibrotic wall lacking normal arterial layers, consistent with a pseudoaneurysm. To our knowledge, such an extremely delayed presentation decades after burn injury is exceedingly rare.