Experimental study of anterior wall sliding oblique suture technique in supermicrosurgery

The study aimed to compare the Anterior Wall Sliding Oblique Suture Technique with the conventional vertical needle insertion technique in terms of feasibility and reliability for microvessel anastomosis. Forty male Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into four groups according to the diameter of the median caudal artery (MCA) and these two methods. These two technologies were used to compare the duration of the surgery, one-time anastomotic patency rates, and delayed patency rates (7 days after the operation). An additional histological study was performed to assess the stenosis and destruction of vessels. All rats survived the surgical anesthetic procedure. The Anterior Wall Sliding Oblique Suture Technique was faster than the conventional technique for supermicrosurgery. Results showed that Group B had a significantly faster anastomosis time (23.8 min ± 2.7 vs. 19.2 min ± 2.0, P < 0.01). Group A1 had a higher one-time anastomotic patency rate (90%) than Group A2 (70%), while Group B2 (80%) had a significantly higher rate than Group B1 (20%) (P = 0.023). Delayed patency rates were also different between groups, with Group A1 having 100% and Group A2 having 50% (P = 0.033), while Group B1 had 30% and Group B2 had 90% (P = 0.020). These results showed that the new method ensured quality in supermicrosurgery, especially in the microvascular group in the histological study. The Anterior Wall Sliding Oblique Suture Technique is more effective than the conventional vertical needle insertion technique for supermicrosurgery. It reduces the operation time and improves the patency rate of vascular anastomosis. Therefore, it can be considered a reliable and effective method when dealing with the microvascular.