International consensus recommendations for the RAPID procedure in liver transplantation: The RAPID Consensus ISLS 2023 Zurich Collaborative

Introduction: Since its beginning in 1963, liver transplantation has significantly advanced, now including transplant oncology. As indications broaden, donor supply reduces. The two-stage RAPID procedure (initially abbreviated as "Resection And Partial Liver Segment 2/3 Transplantation With Delayed Total Hepatectomy") has emerged to address the use of small-for-size grafts. However, a comprehensive evaluation of RAPID is essential given its novelty, scarcity, and diverse outcomes reported. Methods: The RAPID Consensus International Society of Liver Surgeons 2023 Zurich initiative established evidence around the RAPID procedure using the Danish Model of Consensus. Engaging an international community of specialists, the initiative ensured multidisciplinary involvement and used the GRADE framework to evaluate the quality of evidence and grade the recommendations. Results: Comprehensive discussions and debates led to internationally recognized recommendations addressing perioperative measures for RAPID. Key recommendations highlighted the significance of standardized nomenclature, specific indications, graft criteria, surgical techniques, optimal interstage timings, and measures to manage potential complications. Conclusion: The consensus provides recommendations for the RAPID procedure, emphasizing transparency and outcome reporting. Establishing dedicated registries can improve care standards, which may ensure the benefits of RAPID by maximizing patient safety and improving outcomes.