Flexural strength of translucent zirconia for single crowns and fixed dental prostheses-A systematic review

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the reported flexural strength values of commercially available translucent zirconia materials. Additionally, data were evaluated to assess the impact of different specimen preparations and test methods. Study selection: This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed to identify in vitro studies published between January 1, 2013, and March 15, 2025, that reported flexural strength values of translucent zirconia and included the names of the tested materials and manufacturers. Flexural strength values were analyzed to assess the effects of yttria content, specimen processing, surface treatments, and test methods using Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (α = 0.05) and forest plots. Conclusions: This systematic review highlights the challenges in comparing the flexural strength values of translucent zirconia owing to differences in processing parameters. Further standardization of test methods and adherence to ISO 6872 would improve comparability. Our findings support the clinical use of 4Y-PSZ for three-unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) and 5Y-PSZ for three-unit FDPs in the anterior region based on ISO 6872.