Traditional Medicine in Palliative Care: An Ayurvedic Review

Palliative care represents a vital dimension of healthcare, focusing on the relief of suffering and improvement of quality of life in individuals affected by chronic, progressive, and life-threatening illnesses¹. It adopts a comprehensive approach by addressing physical symptoms alongside psychological, social, and spiritual challenges encountered by patients and their families¹,². Traditional systems of medicine emphasize individualized, compassionate, and holistic care, which makes them particularly applicable in palliative contexts. Ayurveda, the indigenous medical system of India, offers a structured and holistic approach that corresponds closely with the fundamental objectives of palliative care³,⁴. This review examines the contribution of Ayurveda as a traditional medical system in palliative care delivery. Classical Ayurvedic descriptions of incurable (Asadhya) and manageable (Yapya) disease conditions are analyzed to illustrate the transition in therapeutic focus from disease eradication to symptom alleviation, patient comfort, and maintenance of dignity³. Core Ayurvedic principles such as Shamana chikitsa (palliative and symptom-modifying treatment), Satvavajaya chikitsa (psychological and emotional regulation), Rasayana therapy, dietary moderation, and ethical medical conduct (Vaidya sadvritta) are discussed in relation to symptom control and enhancement of overall well-being³,⁵. The review further highlights the potential advantages of integrating Ayurvedic practices with contemporary palliative care, including cultural acceptability, non-invasive therapeutic options, emotional stability, and spiritual support⁴,⁶. At the same time, limitations such as insufficient clinical evidence, lack of standardization, safety concerns, and possible herb–drug interactions are acknowledged⁷. It is concluded that Ayurveda may serve as a complementary and supportive modality in palliative care when practiced responsibly and guided by evidence, with primary emphasis on comfort, dignity, and holistic patient care.