Features of obesity in men and women working in the water transport organizations

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared obesity a global epidemic, which is currently one of the most significant medical issues. Objective. To perform a comparative analysis of the indicators characterizing obesity in employees of shipboard personnel of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) depending on sex. Materials and methods. Obesity indicators of employees of water transport organizations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) were studied. A number of subjects equal 129 (76 men, 53 women) aged 30—59 years were examined. Anthropometric measurements (height, body mass, waist circumference), determination of the blood pressure level, biochemical blood test (lipid profile) were carried out. Body mass index, atherogenic coefficient, lipid accumulation product index (LAP index) were calculated. The criteria of metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy obesity (MUO) according to NCEP-ATP III were applied. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Results. A high prevalence of obesity (32.9% men, 41.5% women) and overweight (71.1% men, 71.7% women in total) has been found. It has been noted that MHO was more frequent in women (26.4% compared to 13.2% in men, p=0.032). Statistically significant differences in high-density lipoprotein levels in men and women with normal and excessive body mass have been noted, and higher values were in women; statistical differences in triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein levels in men and women with excessive body mass have been found, higher values were in men. High values of atherogenic coefficient were determined in men with normal and excessive body mass and MUO, in women with MHO and MUO. The LAP index was higher for subjects with overweight and obesity compared to those with normal body mass. Maximum LAP index values have been observed in men with MUO. Conclusion. The prevalence of obesity among employees of shipboard personnel of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) exceeds the mean Russian indicators, which can be associated with the specificity of «marine environment». Women are more likely to have metabolically healthy obesity. The lipid profile of men with normal and excessive body mass and metabolically unhealthy obesity was less favorable than that of women in similar groups, while for women with metabolically healthy obesity it was less favorable than that of men with this pathology. The lipid accumulation product index is informative in assessment of metabolic disorders in obesity. Sex differences in indicators of metabolically healthy obesity, atherogenic coefficient and lipid accumulation product index have been identified, confirming the difference in metabolic processes of obesity in men and women.