From Policy to Practice: Social Innovation and Systemic Transformative Governance Boosting Science, Technology and Innovation Through Living Labs

Abstract Research purpose. The conceptual framework for this study is grounded in third-generation innovation policies, often referred to as transformative or mission-oriented, which aim to tackle complex societal challenges posed by the Triple Transition through systemic innovation. Systemic governance frameworks are underpinned by multi-dimensional transformative social innovation (SI) with Living Labs (LLs) serving as platforms and mechanisms to identify and prioritise actors’ needs and challenges. Encompassing SI, systemic governance and next-generation LLs can better support the definition of STI policies to effectively respond to real community/context-driven demands, addressing persistent European competitiveness issues (e.g. the European Paradox of Innovation, which refers to the difficulty of translating scientific advancements into viable innovations). The driving research question is how social innovation can create tailored STI policies to address specific challenges in regional and national innovation ecosystems through the next-generation LLs. Design / Methodology / Approach. This study adopts a qualitative research methodology to explore the role of social innovation in shaping the next generation of LLs and their capacity to create tailored STI policies. Given the complexity of multi-actor innovation ecosystems, qualitative methods are well-suited for capturing nuanced perspectives, contextual dynamics and transformative governance processes across diverse regional and national settings. The research follows a case study approach, examining initiatives of varying maturity in different geographical and socio-cultural contexts. Purposeful and snowball sampling techniques identify key actors and initiatives prioritising diversity and representativeness. Data collection consists of 24 semi-structured in-depth interviews with experienced and emerging leaders involved in collaborative innovation initiatives. Data analysis employs advanced keyword coding using Atlas.ti, enabling a systematic exploration of key themes and patterns that inform the development of tailored STI policies within diverse innovation ecosystems. Findings. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of how SI contributes to the evolution of next-generation Living Labs, identifying key governance models, co-creation mechanisms and multi-stakeholder engagement strategies that enhance policy adaptability and responsiveness to local challenges. The findings will likely reveal best practices in integrating SI into policy design and implementation, offering insights into effective collaboration among public, private, academic and civil society actors (quadruple or n-helix cooperation). Originality / Value / Practical implications. The research will contribute to the broader discourse on innovation governance and provide actionable recommendations for policymakers seeking to enhance regional and national STI frameworks through socially driven innovation approaches.